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Walt Disney World
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Walt Disney World Resort
Walt Disney World Logo 2018.svg
Magic Kingdom - Cinderella Castle panorama - by mrkathika.jpg
Cinderella Castle in Magic Kingdom
Industry
Theme parks
Resorts
Founded October 1, 1971; 47 years ago
Founders
Walt Disney
Roy Disney
Headquarters Lake Buena Vista and Bay Lake, Florida, U.S.
Key people
George Kalogridis (President)
Number of employees
74,000[1]
Parent
Disney Parks Western Region
(Disney Parks, Experiences and Products)
Website Official website Edit this at Wikidata
Walt Disney World
Theme parks
Magic KingdomEpcotDisney's Hollywood StudiosDisney's Animal Kingdom
Water parks
Disney's Typhoon LagoonDisney's Blizzard Beach
Other attractions
Disney SpringsESPN Wide World of Sports Complex
Hotels
Walt Disney World Resorts
Transport
Disney TransportWalt Disney World Monorail SystemDisney Skyliner
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Coordinates: 28.4038°N 81.5794°W
The Walt Disney World Resort, also called Walt Disney World and Disney World, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, in the United States, near the cities Orlando and Kissimmee. Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Disney Parks, Experiences and Products, a division of The Walt Disney Company. It was first operated by Walt Disney World Company. The property, which covers nearly 25,000 acres (39 sq mi; 101 km2), of which only half has been used,[2] comprises four theme parks (consisting of Magic Kingdom, Animal Kingdom, Epcot, and Disney's Hollywood Studios), two water parks, 27 themed resort hotels, nine non-Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping center Disney Springs.
Designed to supplement Disneyland, in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s. "The Florida Project", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions. Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a test bed for new city-living innovations. Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966, during construction of the complex. Without him spearheading the construction, the company built a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning the experimental concepts for a planned community. Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood Studios (1989), and Disney's Animal Kingdom (1998).
Today, Walt Disney World is the most visited vacation resort in the world, with average annual attendance of more than 52 million.[3] The resort is the flagship destination of Disney's worldwide corporate enterprise and has become a popular staple in American culture.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Planning and construction
1.1.1 Conception
1.1.2 Roy Disney's oversight of construction
1.2 Recent history
1.3 Timeline
1.4 Future expansion
2 Location
3 Attractions
3.1 Theme parks
3.2 Water parks
3.3 Other attractions
3.4 Golf and recreation
3.5 Former attractions
4 Resorts
4.1 On-site Disney resorts
4.2 On-site non-Disney hotels
4.3 Former resorts
4.4 Proposed resorts
4.5 Never-built resorts
4.6 Disney's Magical Express
5 Attendance
6 Operations
6.1 Transportation
6.2 Employment
6.3 Energy use
6.4 Corporate culture
6.5 Security
6.6 Closures
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History
Planning and construction
Conception
Walt Disney (left) with his brother Roy O. Disney (right) and then Governor of Florida W. Haydon Burns (center) on November 15, 1965, publicly announcing the creation of Disney World
In 1959, Walt Disney Productions began looking for land to house a second resort to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955. Market surveys at the time revealed that only 5% of Disneyland's visitors came from east of the Mississippi River, where 75% of the population of the United States lived. Additionally, Walt Disney disliked the businesses that had sprung up around Disneyland and wanted more control over a larger area of land in the next project.[4]
Walt Disney flew over a potential site in Orlando, Florida—one of many—in November 1963. After witnessing the well-developed network of roads and taking the planned construction of both Interstate 4 and Florida's Turnpike into account, with McCoy Air Force Base (later Orlando International Airport) to the east, Disney selected a centrally-located site near Bay Lake.[5] To avoid a burst of land speculation, Walt Disney World Company used various dummy corporations to acquire 30,500 acres (48 sq mi; 123 km2) of land.[5] In May 1965, some of these major land transactions were recorded a few miles southwest of Orlando in Osceola County. In addition, two large tracts totaling $1.5 million were sold, and smaller tracts of flatlands and cattle pastures were purchased by exotically-named companies such as the "Ayefour Corporation", "Latin-American Development and Management Corporation" and the "Reedy Creek Ranch Corporation". Some are now memorialized on a window above Main Street, U.S.A. in Magic Kingdom. The smaller parcels of land acquired were called "outs". They were five-acre (2 ha) lots platted in 1912 by the Munger Land Company and sold to investors. Most of the owners in the 1960s were happy to get rid of the land, which was mostly swamp at the time. Another issue was the mineral rights to the land, which were owned by Tufts University. Without the transfer of these rights, Tufts could come in at any time and demand the removal of buildings to obtain minerals. Eventually, Disney's team negotiated a deal with Tufts to buy the mineral rights for $15,000.[6]
Working strictly in secrecy, real estate agents unaware of their client's identity began making offers to landowners in April 1964 in parts of southwest Orange and northwest Osceola counties. The agents were careful not to reveal the extent of their intentions, and they were able to negotiate numerous land contracts with some including large tracts of land for as little as $100 an acre.[7] With the understanding that the recording of the first deeds would trigger intense public scrutiny, Disney delayed the filing of paperwork until a large portion of the land was under contract.[8]
Early rumors and speculation about the land purchases assumed possible development by NASA in support of the nearby Kennedy Space Center, as well as references to other famous investors such as Ford, the Rockefellers, and Howard Hughes.[8] An Orlando Sentinel news article published weeks later on May 20, 1965, acknowledged a popular rumor that Disney was building an "East Coast" version of Disneyland. However, the publication denied its accuracy based on an earlier interview with Disney at Kennedy Space Center, in which he claimed a $50 million investment was in the works for Disneyland, and that he had no interest in building a new park.[8] In October 1965, editor Emily Bavar from the Sentinel visited Disneyland during the park's 10th-anniversary celebration. In an interview with Disney, she asked him if he was behind recent land purchases in Central Florida. Bavar later described that Disney "looked like I had thrown a bucket of water in his face" before denying the story.[8] His reaction, combined with other research obtained during her Anaheim visit, led Bavar to author a story on October 21, 1965, where she predicted that Disney was building a second theme park in Florida.[8] Three days later after gathering more information from various sources, the Sentinel published another article headlined, "We Say: 'Mystery Industry' Is Disney".[8]
Walt Disney had originally planned to publicly reveal Disney World on November 15, 1965, but in light of the Sentinel story, Disney asked Florida Governor Haydon Burns to confirm the story on October 25. His announcement called the new theme park "the greatest attraction in the history of Florida".[8] The official reveal was kept on the previously-planned November 15 date, and Disney joined Burns in Orlando for the event.[8]
Roy Disney's oversight of construction
Roy O. Disney inspecting design plans on-site in Florida.
Walt Disney died from circulatory collapse caused by lung cancer on December 15, 1966, before his vision was realized. His brother and business partner, Roy O. Disney, postponed his retirement to oversee construction of the resort's first phase.
On February 2, 1967, Roy O. Disney held a press conference at the Park Theatres in Winter Park, Florida. The role of EPCOT was emphasized in the film that was played. After the film, it was explained that for Disney World, including EPCOT, to succeed, a special district would have to be formed: the Reedy Creek Improvement District with two cities inside it, Bay Lake and Reedy Creek, now Lake Buena Vista. In addition to the standard powers of an incorporated city, which include the issuance of tax-free bonds, the district would have immunity from any current or future county or state land-use laws. The only areas where the district had to submit to the county and state would be property taxes and elevator inspections.[4] The legislation forming the district and the two cities was signed into law by Florida Governor Claude R. Kirk, Jr. on May 12, 1967.[9] The Supreme Court of Florida then ruled in 1968 that the district was allowed to issue tax-exempt bonds for public projects within the district, despite the sole beneficiary being Walt Disney Productions.
The district soon began construction of drainage canals, and Disney built the first roads and the Magic Kingdom. The Contemporary Resort Hotel and Polynesian Village were also completed in time for the park's opening on October 1, 1971.[10][11] The Palm and Magnolia golf courses near Magic Kingdom had opened a few weeks before, while Fort Wilderness opened one month later. Twenty-four days after the park opened, Roy O. Disney dedicated the property and declared that it would be known as "Walt Disney World" in his brother's honor. In his own words: "Everyone has heard of Ford cars. But have they all heard of Henry Ford, who started it all? Walt Disney World is in memory of the man who started it all, so people will know his name as long as Walt Disney World is here." After the dedication, Roy Disney asked Walt's widow, Lillian, what she thought of Walt Disney World. According to biographer Bob Thomas, she responded, "I think Walt would have approved." Roy Disney died at age 78 on December 20, 1971, less than three months after the property opened.[12]
Admission prices in 1971 were $3.50 for adults, $2.50 for juniors under age 18, and one dollar for children under twelve.[10]
Recent history
Much of Walt Disney's plans for his Progress City were abandoned after his death and after the company board decided that it did not want to be in the business of running a city. The concept evolved into the resort's second theme park, EPCOT Center, which opened in 1982 (renamed EPCOT in 1996). While still emulating Walt Disney's original idea of showcasing new technology, the park is closer to a world's fair than a "community of tomorrow". One of EPCOT's main attractions is their world's showcase which highlights 11 countries across the globe. Some of the urban planning concepts from the original idea of EPCOT would instead be integrated into the community of Celebration much later. The resort's third theme park, Disney-MGM Studios (renamed Disney's Hollywood Studios in 2008), opened in 1989 and is inspired by show business. The resort's fourth theme park, Disney's Animal Kingdom, opened in 1998.
George Kalogridis was named president of the resort in December 2012, replacing Meg Crofton, who had overseen the site since 2006.
On January 21, 2016, the resort's management structure was changed, with general managers within a theme park being in charge of an area or land, instead of on a functional basis as previously. Theme parks have already had a vice-president overseeing them. Disney Springs and Disney Sports were also affected. Now hotel general managers manage a single hotel instead of some managing multiple hotels.[13]
On October 18, 2017, it was announced that resort visitors could bring dogs to Disney's Yacht Club Resort, Disney's Port Orleans Resort – Riverside, Disney's Art of Animation Resort and Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground.[14]
Timeline
Some popular Disney characters (from left to right): Goofy, Donald Duck, Mickey Mouse, and Minnie Mouse can be found throughout the resort
Year Event
1965 Walt Disney announces Florida Project
1966 Walt Disney dies of lung cancer at age 65
1967 Construction of Walt Disney World Resort begins
1971 Magic Kingdom opens
Palm and Magnolia Golf Courses opens
Disney's Contemporary Resort opens
Disney's Polynesian Village Resort opens
Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground opens
Roy O. Disney dies at age 78
1972 Disney's Village Resort opens
1973 The Golf Resort opens
1974 Discovery Island opens
1975 Walt Disney Village Marketplace opens
1976 Disney's River Country opens
1980 Walt Disney World Conference Center opens
1982 EPCOT Center opens
1986 The Golf Resort is expanded and renamed The Disney Inn
1988 Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa opens
Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort opens
1989 Disney-MGM Studios opens
Disney's Typhoon Lagoon opens
Pleasure Island opens
1990 Disney's Yacht and Beach Club resorts open
Walt Disney World Swan opens
Walt Disney World Dolphin opens
1991 Disney's Port Orleans Resort French Quarter opens
Disney Vacation Club is launched
Disney's Old Key West Resort opens
1992 Disney's Port Orleans Resort Riverside (formerly known as Dixie Landings) opens
Bonnet Creek Golf Club opens
1994 Disney's All-Star Sports Resort and Disney's All-Star Music Resort opens
Disney's Wilderness Lodge opens
The Disney Inn is leased and then purchased by the U.S. Department of Defense and is renamed Shades of Green
1995 Disney's Blizzard Beach opens
Disney's Wedding Pavilion opens
Walt Disney World Speedway opens
1996 EPCOT Center is renamed Epcot
Disney Institute opens
Disney's BoardWalk Inn and BoardWalk Villas open
1997 Disney's Coronado Springs Resort opens
Disney's Wide World of Sports Complex opens
Downtown Disney West Side opens
1998 Disney's Animal Kingdom opens
DisneyQuest opens
1999 Disney's All-Star Movies Resort opens
Discovery Island closes
Hurricane Floyd closes the resort for the first time in its history on September 15.[15]
2000 The Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge opens
2001 Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge opens
Disney's River Country closes
On September 11, a series of terrorist attacks closes the resort for the second time due to national safety concerns.[15]
2002 Disney's Beach Club Villas opens
Shades of Green closes for renovations
2003 Disney's Pop Century Resort opens
2004 Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa opens
Shades of Green reopens after renovations
Hurricane Charley causes the resort's theme parks to be evacuated on August 13, with Animal Kingdom remaining closed for a short while afterwards.[15]
Hurricane Frances closes the resort for the third time from September 4 to 5.[15]
Hurricane Jeanne closes the resort for the fourth time on September 26.[15]
2007 Disney's Animal Kingdom Villas opens
2008 Disney-MGM Studios is renamed Disney's Hollywood Studios
2009 Bay Lake Tower at Disney's Contemporary Resort opens
Treehouse Villas opens
2011 Golden Oak at Walt Disney World Resort opens
2012 Disney's Art of Animation Resort opens
Phase 1 of Magic Kingdom's Fantasyland expansion opens
2013 The Villas at Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa opens
2014 Phase 2 of Magic Kingdom's Fantasyland expansion opens
2015 Disney's Polynesian Villas & Bungalows opens
Walt Disney World Speedway closes
Downtown Disney is expanded and renamed Disney Springs
2016 Disney Springs finishes construction
Hurricane Matthew closes the resort for the fifth time on October 7.[15]
2017 Pandora – The World of Avatar opens at Disney's Animal Kingdom
Hurricane Irma closes the resort for the sixth time from September 10 to 11.[16]
Copper Creek Villas & Cabins at Disney's Wilderness Lodge opens
DisneyQuest closes permanently for the NBA Experience
2018 Toy Story Land opens at Disney's Hollywood Studios
2019 Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge opens at Disney's Hollywood Studios
Hurricane Dorian causes the resort's theme parks to be evacuated on September 3.
Future expansion
The resort has a number of expansion projects planned or ongoing, including:
Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance attraction due to open at Disney's Hollywood Studios on December 5, 2019
Disney Riviera Resort, a new Disney resort opening December 2019
Disney Skyliner, a new gondola lift style transportation system due to open on September 29, 2019. Select cabins will feature Disney characters on the exterior and will give guests the ability to travel to Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios and four Disney resorts: Art of Animation, Caribbean Beach, Pop Century, and the new Riviera Resort.[17][18][19]
Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway is replacing The Great Movie Ride, opening at Disney's Hollywood Studios in spring 2020
A Tron Lightcycle Power Run at Magic Kingdom due to open in 2021
Expansion at Epcot including new attractions related to Guardians of the Galaxy: Cosmic Rewind and Ratatouille, and a newly-designed entrance due to open by the end of 2021
Reflections – A Disney Lakeside Lodge, a new Disney resort to be opened in 2022
Flamingo Crossings, a shopping complex similar to Disney Springs, opening date to be announced
Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser, a new Disney resort, opening date to be announced
Location
Map of the resort as of May 2015
One of four arches welcoming guests to the resort
The Florida resort is not within Orlando city limits but is southwest of Downtown Orlando. Much of the resort is in southwestern Orange County, with the remainder in adjacent Osceola County. The property includes the cities of Lake Buena Vista and Bay Lake which are governed by the Reedy Creek Improvement District. The site is accessible from Central Florida's Interstate 4 via Exits 62B (World Drive), 64B (US 192 West), 65B (Osceola Parkway West), 67B (SR 536 West), and 68 (SR 535 North), and Exit 8 on SR 429, the Western Expressway. At its founding, the resort occupied approximately 30,500 acres (48 sq mi; 123 km2). Portions of the property have since been sold or de-annexed, including land now occupied by the Disney-built community of Celebration. Now the resort occupies nearly 25,000 acres (39 sq mi; 101 km2).[2]
Attractions
Further information: List of Walt Disney World Resort attractions
Theme parks
Magic Kingdom, opened October 1, 1971
Epcot, opened October 1, 1982
Disney's Hollywood Studios, opened May 1, 1989
Disney's Animal Kingdom, opened April 22, 1998
Water parks
Disney's Typhoon Lagoon, opened June 1, 1989
Disney's Blizzard Beach, opened April 1, 1995
Other attractions
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, at Disney's Hollywood Studios
The Walt Disney World Railroad
Typhoon Lagoon, one of two waterparks at the resort
View of Disney Springs
Multiple resorts across Disney property offer a variety of spa treatments including Disney's Grand Floridian and Disney's Coronado Springs Resort
Disney's Boardwalk, located outside of their Boardwalk Inn, functions as an entertainment, dining, and shopping district.[20]
Epcot has annual festivals that run for limited amounts of time throughout the year like the Epcot Flower and Garden Festival, Epcot Festival of the Arts, and the Epcot Food and Wine Festival
Disney does special ticketed events throughout the year including the Mickey's Not So Scary Halloween Party, which usually runs late August through October, and Mickey's Very Merry Christmas Party
Disney Springs, opened March 22, 1975 (Previously known as Lake Buena Vista Shopping Village, Disney Village Marketplace, and Downtown Disney)[21]
Disney's Wedding Pavilion, opened July 15, 1995
ESPN Wide World of Sports, opened March 28, 1997
Golf and recreation
Disney's property includes four golf courses. The three 18-hole golf courses are Disney's Palm (4.5 stars), Disney's Magnolia (4 stars), and Disney's Lake Buena Vista (4 stars). There is also a nine-hole walking course (no electric carts allowed) called Oak Trail, designed for young golfers. The Magnolia and Palm courses played home to the PGA Tour's Children's Miracle Network Hospitals Classic. Arnold Palmer Golf Management manages the Disney golf courses.[22]
Additionally, there are two themed miniature golf complexes, each with two courses, Fantasia Gardens and Winter Summerland.[23] The two courses at Fantasia Gardens are Fantasia Garden and Fantasia Fairways. The Garden course is a traditional miniature-style course based on the "Fantasia" movies with musical holes, water fountains and characters. Fantasia Fairways is a traditional golf course on miniature scale having water hazards and sand traps.[24]
The two courses at Winter Summerland are Summer and Winter, both themed around Santa. Summer is the more challenging of the two 18-hole courses.[24]
Former attractions
Discovery Island — an island in Bay Lake that was home to many species of animals and birds. It opened on April 8, 1974, and closed on April 8, 1999.
Disney's River Country — the first water park at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on June 20, 1976, and closed on November 2, 2001 due in part to its small size, but also due to the conditions of the water being deemed unacceptable.
Walt Disney World Speedway — a racetrack at Walt Disney World and included the Richard Petty Driving Experience. It opened November 28, 1995, and closed on August 9, 2015.
DisneyQuest — an indoor interactive theme park that featured many arcade games and virtual attractions. It opened June 19, 1998 as part of an unsuccessful attempt to launch a chain of similar theme parks. It closed on July 2, 2017 to be replaced by the NBA Experience.[25]
La Nouba by Cirque du Soleil — opened December 23, 1998, and closed after December 31, 2017.[26]
Resorts
See also: Category:Hotels in Walt Disney World Resort
Of the thirty-four resorts and hotels on the Walt Disney World property, 28 are owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks, Experiences and Consumer Products. These are classified into four categories—Deluxe, Moderate, Value, and Disney Vacation Club Villas—and are located in one of five resort areas: the Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Wide World of Sports, Animal Kingdom, or Disney Springs resort areas.
While all of the Deluxe resort hotels have achieved an AAA Four Diamond rating, Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa is considered the highest-tier flagship luxury resort on the Walt Disney World Resort complex.[27]
On-site Disney resorts
Name Opening date Theme Number of rooms Resort Area
Deluxe resorts
Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge April 16, 2001 African Wildlife preserve 1,307 Animal Kingdom
Disney's Beach Club Resort November 19, 1990 Newport Beach cottage 576 Epcot
Disney's BoardWalk Inn July 1, 1996 Early-20th-century Atlantic and Ocean City 378
Disney's Contemporary Resort October 1, 1971 Modern 655 Magic Kingdom
Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa July 1, 1988 Early-20th-century Florida 867
Disney's Polynesian Village Resort October 1, 1971 South Seas 492
Disney's Wilderness Lodge May 28, 1994 Pacific Northwest, National Park Service rustic 729
Disney's Yacht Club Resort November 5, 1990 Martha's Vineyard Resort 621 Epcot
Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser TBA Star Wars starship TBA
Moderate resorts
Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort October 1, 1988 Caribbean Islands 1,536 Epcot
Disney's Coronado Springs Resort August 1, 1997 Mexico, American Southwest 1,915 Animal Kingdom
Disney's Port Orleans Resort – French Quarter May 17, 1991 New Orleans French Quarter 1,008 Disney Springs
Disney's Port Orleans Resort – Riverside February 2, 1992 Antebellum South 2,048
Value resorts
Disney's All-Star Movies Resort January 15, 1999 Disney films 1,920 Animal Kingdom
Disney's All-Star Music Resort November 22, 1994 Music 1,604
Disney's All-Star Sports Resort April 24, 1994 Sports 1,920
Disney's Art of Animation Resort May 31, 2012 Disney and Pixar animated films 1,984 Wide World of Sports
Disney's Pop Century Resort December 14, 2003 20th Century American pop culture 2,880
Disney Vacation Club
Bay Lake Tower at Disney's Contemporary Resort August 4, 2009 Modern 428 Magic Kingdom
Disney's Animal Kingdom Villas August 15, 2007 African safari lodge 708 Animal Kingdom
Disney's Beach Club Villas July 1, 2002 Newport resort 282 Epcot
Disney's BoardWalk Villas July 1, 1996 Early-20th-century Atlantic City 530
Disney's Old Key West Resort December 20, 1991 Early-20th-century Key West 761 Disney Springs
Disney's Polynesian Villas & Bungalows April 1, 2015 South Seas 380 Magic Kingdom
Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa May 17, 2004 1880s Upstate New York resort 1,320 Disney Springs
The Villas at Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa October 23, 2013 Early-20th-century Florida 147 Magic Kingdom
Boulder Ridge Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge November 15, 2000 Pacific Northwest 181
Copper Creek Villas and Cabins at Disney's Wilderness Lodge July 17, 2017 Pacific Northwest 184
Disney's Riviera Resort December 16, 2019 European Riviera 300 Epcot
Reflections – A Disney Lakeside Lodge 2022 Nature 900 Magic Kingdom[28]
Cabins and campgrounds
Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground November 19, 1971 Rustic Woods Camping 800 campsites
409 cabins Magic Kingdom
Residential areas
Golden Oak at Walt Disney World Resort Fall 2011 Varies 450 homes Magic Kingdom
The Grand Floridian Resort & Spa, Walt Disney World's flagship resort
Disney's Polynesian Resort, a deluxe level resort
Caribbean Beach Resort, the first moderate resort at Walt Disney World
Fort Wilderness, Disney's campground and cabin resort
Disney's All Star Movies Resort, one of five value resorts
On-site non-Disney hotels
Hotel name Opening date Theme Number of rooms Owner Area
Best Western Lake Buena Vista Resort Hotel November 21, 1972 None 325 Drury Hotels Hotel Plaza Boulevard, close to Disney Springs
Doubletree Guest Suite Resort March 15, 1987 229 Hilton Hotels Corporation
Wyndham Lake Buena Vista October 15, 1972 626 Wyndham Hotels & Resorts
Hilton Walt Disney World November 23, 1983 787 Hilton Hotels Corporation
Holiday Inn in the Walt Disney World Resort February 8, 1973 323 InterContinental Hotels Group
B Resort October 1, 1972 394 B Hotels & Resorts
Buena Vista Palace Resort & Spa March 10, 1983 1,014 Hilton Hotels Corporation
Four Seasons Orlando at Walt Disney World Resort August 3, 2014 450 Four Seasons Magic Kingdom
Bonnet Creek Resort Various Various, 3,000 total Hilton Worldwide, Wyndham Worldwide Epcot
Walt Disney World Dolphin June 1, 1990 Seaside Floridian Resort & Under the Sea 1509 Sheraton
Walt Disney World Swan January 13, 1990 Seaside Floridian Resort & Under the Sea 756 Westin
Shades of Green December 1973 Upscale Country Club 586 United States Department of Defense Magic Kingdom
Shades of Green Resort, owned and operated by the United States Military
The Walt Disney World Dolphin
The Walt Disney World Swan
The Hilton at Walt Disney World, located at Hotel Plaza Boulevard
Former resorts
The Golf Resort — Became The Disney Inn, and later became Shades of Green.
Disney's Village Resort — Became the Villas at Disney Institute and then Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa. The "Tree House" Villas were decommissioned for a time because they were not accessible to disabled guests. Until early 2008, they were used for International Program Cast Member housing. In February 2008, Disney submitted plans to the South Florida Water Management District to replace the 60 existing villas with 60 new villas.[29] The Treehouse Villas opened during the summer of 2009.
Celebration – a town designed and built by Disney, now managed by a resident-run association.
Lake Buena Vista – Disney originally intended this area to become a complete community with multiple residences, shopping, and offices, but transformed the original homes into hotel lodging in the 1970s, which were demolished in the early 2000s to build Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa)
Proposed resorts
Star Wars Hotel – planned to be built on the south side of Disney's Hollywood Studios, just east of World Drive and just outside of the under-construction Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge land theme park planning to open in 2019.[30]
Disney Riviera Resort – Disney's 15th Vacation Club property, the 300-unit resort is slated to open in the fall of 2019, and will be served by the new Disney Skyliner gondola lift system.[31]
Never-built resorts
Disney's Asian Resort
Disney's Persian Resort
Disney's Venetian Resort
Disney's Mediterranean Resort
Fort Wilderness Junction
Disney's Magical Express
Main article: Disney's Magical Express
Guests with a Disney Resort reservation (excluding the Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin) that arrive at Orlando International Airport can be transported to their resort from the airport using the complimentary Disney's Magical Express service, which is operated by Mears Destination Services. Guests can also have their bags picked up and transported to their resort for them through a contract with BAGS Incorporated on participating airlines. Many resorts feature Airline Check-in counters for guests returning to the airport. Here their bags will be checked all the way through to their final destination and they can also have boarding passes printed for them. Some participating airlines are Delta, United, American, JetBlue, Southwest and Alaska Airlines.
Attendance
Magic Kingdom, the world's most visited theme park
In 2014, the resort's four theme parks all ranked in the top 8 on the list of the 25 most visited theme parks in the world; (1st) Magic Kingdom—19,332,000 visitors, (6th) Epcot—11,454,000 visitors, (7th) Disney's Animal Kingdom—10,402,000 visitors, and (8th) Disney's Hollywood Studios—10,312,000 visitors.[32]
Year Magic Kingdom Epcot Disney's Hollywood Studios Disney's Animal Kingdom Overall Ref.
2008 17,063,000 10,935,000 9,608,000 9,540,000 47,146,000 [33]
2009 17,233,000 10,990,000 9,700,000 9,590,000 47,513,000 [34]
2010 16,972,000 10,825,000 9,603,000 9,686,000 47,086,000 [35]
2011 17,142,000 10,826,000 9,699,000 9,783,000 47,450,000 [36]
2012 17,536,000 11,063,000 9,912,000 9,998,000 48,509,000 [37]
2013 18,588,000 11,229,000 10,110,000 10,198,000 50,125,000 [38]
2014 19,332,000 11,454,000 10,312,000 10,402,000 51,500,000 [39]
2015 20,492,000 11,798,000 10,828,000 10,922,000 54,040,000 [40]
2016 20,395,000 11,712,000 10,776,000 10,844,000 53,727,000 [41]
2017 20,450,000 12,200,000 10,722,000 12,500,000 55,872,000 [42]
2018 20,859,000 12,444,000 11,258,000 13,750,000 58,311,000 [43]
Total overall 1,405,407,000
Operations
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Transportation
The Walt Disney World Monorail System provides free transport across the resort.
The Walt Disney World Resort is serviced by Disney Transport, a complimentary mass transportation system allowing guest access across the property. The Walt Disney World Monorail System provides free transportation at Walt Disney World; guests can board the monorail and travel between the Magic Kingdom and Epcot, including select on-property resorts such as The Grand Floridian and The Polynesian Village. The system operates on three routes that interconnect at the Transportation and Ticket Center (TTC), adjacent to the Magic Kingdom's parking lot. Disney Transport owns a fleet of Disney-operated buses on property, that is also complimentary for guests.
Disney Transport also operates a fleet of watercraft, ranging in size from water taxis, up to the ferries that connect the Magic Kingdom to the Transportation and Ticket Center. Disney Transport is also responsible for maintaining the fleet of parking lot trams that are used for shuttling visitors between the various theme park parking lots and their respective main entrances.
A gondola lift system, dubbed Disney Skyliner, is expected to open in late 2019. The system's three lines will connect Disney's Hollywood Studios and Epcot with four resort hotels.[19] One can see many of the posts for the gondolas being put up and the construction on the stations is underway, and in some cases, already finished.[44]
In addition to its free transportation methods, in conjunction with Lyft, Walt Disney World also offers an on-demand transportation service for a fee. The Minnie Van Service are minivans dressed in a Minnie Mouse red-and-white polka dot design that can accommodate up to six people and have two carseats available to anyone that is within the Walt Disney World Resort limits.[45][46]
Walt Disney World previously had its own small airport: the Walt Disney World Airport which was also known as the Lake Buena Vista STOLport. During the early 1970s, scheduled passenger service was operated by Shawnee Airlines with small de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter commuter turboprops which had STOL (short takeoff and landing) capabilities on flights to Tampa and Orlando.[47][48] The airport is no longer in operation.
Employment
When the Magic Kingdom opened in 1971, the site employed about 5,500 "cast members".[49] Today, Walt Disney World employs more than 74,000 cast members,[1] spending more than $1.2 billion on payroll and $474 million on benefits each year. The largest single-site employer in the United States,[50][51] Walt Disney World has more than 3,700 job classifications. The resort also sponsors and operates the Walt Disney World College Program, an internship program that offers American college students (CPs) the opportunity to live about 15 miles (24 km) off-site in four Disney-owned apartment complexes and work at the resort, and thereby provides much of the theme park and resort "front line" cast members. There is also the Walt Disney World International College Program, an internship program that offers international college students (ICPs) from all over the world the same opportunity.
Energy use
Walt Disney World requires an estimated 1 billion kilowatt-hours (3.6 billion megajoules) of electricity annually, costing the company nearly $100 million in annual energy consumption.[52] In addition to relying primarily on fossil fuels and nuclear energy from the state's power grid, Walt Disney World has two solar energy facilities on property; a 22-acre (0.034 sq mi; 0.089 km2) Mickey Mouse-shaped solar panel farm near Epcot, and a 270-acre (0.42 sq mi; 1.1 km2) facility near Disney's Animal Kingdom.[53] The larger facility produces enough solar energy to provide electricity to two of the resort's theme parks. The sites are operated by Duke Energy and the Reedy Creek Improvement District, respectively.[53]
The entire Disney Transport bus fleet uses R50 renewable diesel fuel, obtained from used cooking oil and non-consumable food waste from the resort.[53]
Corporate culture
Walt Disney World's corporate culture uses jargon based on theatrical terminology.[54][55] For example, park visitors are always "guests", employees are called "cast members", rides are "attractions" or "experiences", cast members costumed as famous Disney characters in a way that does not cover their faces are known as "face characters", jobs are "roles", and public and nonpublic areas are respectively labeled "onstage" and "backstage".[54][55]
Security
Disney's security personnel are generally dressed in typical security guard uniforms, though some of the personnel are dressed as tourists in plain clothes. Since September 11, 2001, uniformed security has been stationed outside each Disney park in Florida to search guests' bags as they enter the parks. Starting April 3, 2017, bag checkpoints have been placed at Magic Kingdom's resort monorail entryways and the Transportation and Ticket Center's ferry entry points prior to embarkation as well as the walkway from Disney's Contemporary Resort. Guests arriving the Transportation and Ticket Center by tram or tour bus will be screened at the former tram boarding areas. Guests arriving by Disney Resort hotel bus or Minnie Van™ have their own bag check just outside the bus stops. Guests arriving via Magic Kingdom Resort boat launch will be bag checked on the arrival dock outside Magic Kingdom.[56]
Disney Security Vehicle, picture taken July 2, 2009 in front of Epcot
The land where Walt Disney World resides is part of the Reedy Creek Improvement District (RCID), a governing jurisdiction created in 1967 by the State of Florida at the request of Disney. RCID provides 911 services, fire, environmental protection, building code enforcement, utilities and road maintenance but does not provide law enforcement services. The approximately 800 security staff are instead considered employees of the Walt Disney Company. Arrests and citations are issued by the Florida Highway Patrol along with the Orange County and Osceola County sheriffs deputies who patrol the roads. Disney security does maintain a fleet of security vans equipped with flares, traffic cones, and chalk commonly used by police officers. These security personnel are charged with traffic control by the RCID and may only issue personnel violation notices to Disney and RCID employees, not the general public.[57][58]
Despite the appearance of the uniformed security personnel, they are not considered a legal law enforcement agency. Disney and the Reedy Creek Improvement District were sued for access to Disney Security records by Bob and Kathy Sipkema following the death of their son at the resort in 1994. The court characterized Disney security as a "night watchman" service not a law enforcement agency and was not subject to Florida's open records laws. An appeals court later upheld the lower court's ruling.[59]
In late 2015, Disney confirmed the addition of randomized secondary screenings and dogs trained to detect body-worn explosives within parks, in addition to metal detectors at entrances. It has also increased the number of uniformed security personnel at Walt Disney World and Disneyland properties.[60]
Disney Security personnel in Florida have investigated traffic accidents and issued accident reports. The forms used by Disney Security may be confused with official, government forms by some.[citation needed]
The Orange County Sheriff maintains an office on Disney property, but this is primarily to process guests accused of shoplifting by Disney security personnel.[61]
Although the scattering of ashes on Disney property is illegal, The Wall Street Journal reported in October 2018 that Walt Disney World parks were becoming a popular spot for families to scatter the ashes of loved ones, with the Haunted Mansion at Magic Kingdom being the favorite location. The practice is unlawful and prohibited on Disney property, and anyone spreading cremated remains would be escorted from the park.[62]
Closures
Walt Disney World has had eight unscheduled closures:[63]
September 15, 1999, due to Hurricane Floyd
In 2001, after the September 11 attacks
August 2004, due to Hurricane Charley
September 4-5, 2004, due to Hurricane Frances
September 26, 2004, due to Hurricane Jeanne
October 7, 2016, due to Hurricane Matthew
September 10–11, 2017, due to Hurricane Irma
September 3, 2019, for about half the day (with the exception of Epcot and Disney Springs), due to Hurricane Dorian
Like its sister park, the park may close early to accommodate various special events, such as special press events, tour groups, VIP groups, and private parties. It is common for a corporation to rent the entire park for the evening. In such cases, special passes are issued which are valid for admission to all rides and attractions. At the ticket booths and on published schedules, the guests are notified of the early closures. Then, cast members announce that the park is closing, sometime before the private event starts, and clear the park of guests who do not have the special passes.
See also
List of Disney theme park attractions
List of Disney attractions that were never built
Walt Disney World Company
Walt Disney Travel Company
Walt Disney World Hospitality and Recreation Corporation
Disney College Program
Incidents at Walt Disney World
Rail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
Walt Disney World Casting Center
The Walt Disney World Explorer
Walt Disney World International Program
References
"Disney donates $1 million to help those affected by Orlando massacre". 7 News Miami. Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
"Walt Disney World Fun Facts". Walt Disney World News. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
"10 Most Popular Theme Parks in the World". uscitytraveler.com. US City Traveler. June 2, 2014. Archived from the original on September 21, 2015. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
Fogleson, Richard E. (2003). Married to the Mouse. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. p. 274. ISBN 978-0-300-09828-0.
Mannheim, Steve (2002). Walt Disney and the Quest for Community. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited. pp. 68–70. ISBN 978-0-7546-1974-1.
Koenig, David (2007). Realityland: True-Life Adventures at Walt Disney World. Irvine, CA: Bonaventure Press. pp. 25–26. ISBN 978-0-9640605-2-4.
"Disney Assembled Cast Of Buyers To Amass Land Stage For Kingdom". tribunedigital-orlandosentinel. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014.
Mark Andrews (August 6, 2000). "Disney Pulled Strings So Mouse Moved In With Barely A Squeak". orlandosentinel.com. Tribune Newspapers. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
Thomas, Bob (1994). Walt Disney - An American Original. p. 357. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2015.
"Disney World Florida opens next Friday". Times-News. Hendersonville, North Carolina. UPI. September 27, 1971. p. 11.
"Walt Disney World opens Florida gates". Lodi News-Sentinel. California. UPI. October 2, 1971. p. 10.
"Backstage brain Roy Disney dies". St. Petersburg Independent. Florida. Associated Press. December 21, 1971. p. 10–A.
Pedicini, Sandra (January 22, 2016). "Walt Disney World announces management reorganization". Archived from the original on August 27, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
Trejos, Nancy. "Dogs now welcome at Disney World resorts". USA TODAY.
"Walt Disney World closes for just fourth time ever as Hurricane Matthew nears". cnbc.com. CNBC. October 6, 2016. Archived from the original on October 11, 2016. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
"Hurricane Irma causes Disney World to close for sixth time in nearly 50 years". Fox News. September 10, 2017. Archived from the original on September 10, 2017. Retrieved September 11, 2017.
"12 Days of Disney Parks Christmas: New Images of the Disney Skyliner Transportation System". Disney Parks Blog. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
"We Have More Information About the Disney Skyliner Transportation System Coming to Walt Disney World". Oh My Disney. December 8, 2017. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
Russon, Gabrielle. "Disney's gondola system picks up $3.8 million worth of electrical work". OrlandoSentinel.com. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
"Disney's BoardWalk". Walt Disney World. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
Levine, Arthur (June 1, 2016). "Disney Springs: The story behind Disney World's former Downtown Disney". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 1, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
Jason Garcia (August 24, 2011). "Disney golf: Disney World to turn its golf courses over to Arnold Palmer". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on December 1, 2011. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
Barnes, Susan B. (July 27, 2015). "Putt putt your way across the USA". Detroit Free Press. USA TODAY. Archived from the original on August 28, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
Adams, Emily. "Walt Disney World Mini Golf". USA Today. studioD. Archived from the original on October 19, 2015. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
Sandra Pedicini (June 30, 2015). "DisneyQuest closing at Downtown Disney". orlandosentinel.com. Tribune Newspapers. Archived from the original on July 1, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
Bevil, Dewayne; Palm, Matthew J. "Cirque du Soleil's 'La Nouba' to close at Disney". OrlandoSentinel.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
"Grand Floridian Construction Project". Laughing Place. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
www.travelandleisure.com/trip-ideas/disney-vacations/walt-disney-world-announces-new-hotel
"Treehouse Villas To Be Replaced By New Treehouses At Walt Disney World". Netcot.com. February 12, 2008. Archived from the original on May 20, 2008. Retrieved September 8, 2008.
"Update on the Star Wars Immersive Resort Planned for Walt Disney World Resort". Disney Parks Blog. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
"D23 EXPO 2017: New Disney Riviera Resort hotel announced for Walt Disney World to connect to Disney Skyliner | Inside the Magic". Inside the Magic. July 15, 2017. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
"Disney World's Magic Kingdom Tops The List Of The 25 Most Visited Theme Parks In The World". dwtickets.com. OrlandoTastic. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
"TEA/AECOM 2008 Global Attractions Report" (PDF). Themed Entertainment Association. 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 2, 2013. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
"TEA/AECOM 2009 Global Attractions Report" (PDF). Themed Entertainment Association. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 2, 2010. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Walt Disney World Resort
Walt Disney World Logo 2018.svg
Magic Kingdom - Cinderella Castle panorama - by mrkathika.jpg
Cinderella Castle in Magic Kingdom
Industry
Theme parks
Resorts
Founded October 1, 1971; 47 years ago
Founders
Walt Disney
Roy Disney
Headquarters Lake Buena Vista and Bay Lake, Florida, U.S.
Key people
George Kalogridis (President)
Number of employees
74,000[1]
Parent
Disney Parks Western Region
(Disney Parks, Experiences and Products)
Website Official website Edit this at Wikidata
Walt Disney World
Theme parks
Magic KingdomEpcotDisney's Hollywood StudiosDisney's Animal Kingdom
Water parks
Disney's Typhoon LagoonDisney's Blizzard Beach
Other attractions
Disney SpringsESPN Wide World of Sports Complex
Hotels
Walt Disney World Resorts
Transport
Disney TransportWalt Disney World Monorail SystemDisney Skyliner
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Coordinates: 28.4038°N 81.5794°W
The Walt Disney World Resort, also called Walt Disney World and Disney World, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, in the United States, near the cities Orlando and Kissimmee. Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Disney Parks, Experiences and Products, a division of The Walt Disney Company. It was first operated by Walt Disney World Company. The property, which covers nearly 25,000 acres (39 sq mi; 101 km2), of which only half has been used,[2] comprises four theme parks (consisting of Magic Kingdom, Animal Kingdom, Epcot, and Disney's Hollywood Studios), two water parks, 27 themed resort hotels, nine non-Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping center Disney Springs.
Designed to supplement Disneyland, in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s. "The Florida Project", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions. Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a test bed for new city-living innovations. Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966, during construction of the complex. Without him spearheading the construction, the company built a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning the experimental concepts for a planned community. Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood Studios (1989), and Disney's Animal Kingdom (1998).
Today, Walt Disney World is the most visited vacation resort in the world, with average annual attendance of more than 52 million.[3] The resort is the flagship destination of Disney's worldwide corporate enterprise and has become a popular staple in American culture.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Planning and construction
1.1.1 Conception
1.1.2 Roy Disney's oversight of construction
1.2 Recent history
1.3 Timeline
1.4 Future expansion
2 Location
3 Attractions
3.1 Theme parks
3.2 Water parks
3.3 Other attractions
3.4 Golf and recreation
3.5 Former attractions
4 Resorts
4.1 On-site Disney resorts
4.2 On-site non-Disney hotels
4.3 Former resorts
4.4 Proposed resorts
4.5 Never-built resorts
4.6 Disney's Magical Express
5 Attendance
6 Operations
6.1 Transportation
6.2 Employment
6.3 Energy use
6.4 Corporate culture
6.5 Security
6.6 Closures
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History
Planning and construction
Conception
Walt Disney (left) with his brother Roy O. Disney (right) and then Governor of Florida W. Haydon Burns (center) on November 15, 1965, publicly announcing the creation of Disney World
In 1959, Walt Disney Productions began looking for land to house a second resort to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955. Market surveys at the time revealed that only 5% of Disneyland's visitors came from east of the Mississippi River, where 75% of the population of the United States lived. Additionally, Walt Disney disliked the businesses that had sprung up around Disneyland and wanted more control over a larger area of land in the next project.[4]
Walt Disney flew over a potential site in Orlando, Florida—one of many—in November 1963. After witnessing the well-developed network of roads and taking the planned construction of both Interstate 4 and Florida's Turnpike into account, with McCoy Air Force Base (later Orlando International Airport) to the east, Disney selected a centrally-located site near Bay Lake.[5] To avoid a burst of land speculation, Walt Disney World Company used various dummy corporations to acquire 30,500 acres (48 sq mi; 123 km2) of land.[5] In May 1965, some of these major land transactions were recorded a few miles southwest of Orlando in Osceola County. In addition, two large tracts totaling $1.5 million were sold, and smaller tracts of flatlands and cattle pastures were purchased by exotically-named companies such as the "Ayefour Corporation", "Latin-American Development and Management Corporation" and the "Reedy Creek Ranch Corporation". Some are now memorialized on a window above Main Street, U.S.A. in Magic Kingdom. The smaller parcels of land acquired were called "outs". They were five-acre (2 ha) lots platted in 1912 by the Munger Land Company and sold to investors. Most of the owners in the 1960s were happy to get rid of the land, which was mostly swamp at the time. Another issue was the mineral rights to the land, which were owned by Tufts University. Without the transfer of these rights, Tufts could come in at any time and demand the removal of buildings to obtain minerals. Eventually, Disney's team negotiated a deal with Tufts to buy the mineral rights for $15,000.[6]
Working strictly in secrecy, real estate agents unaware of their client's identity began making offers to landowners in April 1964 in parts of southwest Orange and northwest Osceola counties. The agents were careful not to reveal the extent of their intentions, and they were able to negotiate numerous land contracts with some including large tracts of land for as little as $100 an acre.[7] With the understanding that the recording of the first deeds would trigger intense public scrutiny, Disney delayed the filing of paperwork until a large portion of the land was under contract.[8]
Early rumors and speculation about the land purchases assumed possible development by NASA in support of the nearby Kennedy Space Center, as well as references to other famous investors such as Ford, the Rockefellers, and Howard Hughes.[8] An Orlando Sentinel news article published weeks later on May 20, 1965, acknowledged a popular rumor that Disney was building an "East Coast" version of Disneyland. However, the publication denied its accuracy based on an earlier interview with Disney at Kennedy Space Center, in which he claimed a $50 million investment was in the works for Disneyland, and that he had no interest in building a new park.[8] In October 1965, editor Emily Bavar from the Sentinel visited Disneyland during the park's 10th-anniversary celebration. In an interview with Disney, she asked him if he was behind recent land purchases in Central Florida. Bavar later described that Disney "looked like I had thrown a bucket of water in his face" before denying the story.[8] His reaction, combined with other research obtained during her Anaheim visit, led Bavar to author a story on October 21, 1965, where she predicted that Disney was building a second theme park in Florida.[8] Three days later after gathering more information from various sources, the Sentinel published another article headlined, "We Say: 'Mystery Industry' Is Disney".[8]
Walt Disney had originally planned to publicly reveal Disney World on November 15, 1965, but in light of the Sentinel story, Disney asked Florida Governor Haydon Burns to confirm the story on October 25. His announcement called the new theme park "the greatest attraction in the history of Florida".[8] The official reveal was kept on the previously-planned November 15 date, and Disney joined Burns in Orlando for the event.[8]
Roy Disney's oversight of construction
Roy O. Disney inspecting design plans on-site in Florida.
Walt Disney died from circulatory collapse caused by lung cancer on December 15, 1966, before his vision was realized. His brother and business partner, Roy O. Disney, postponed his retirement to oversee construction of the resort's first phase.
On February 2, 1967, Roy O. Disney held a press conference at the Park Theatres in Winter Park, Florida. The role of EPCOT was emphasized in the film that was played. After the film, it was explained that for Disney World, including EPCOT, to succeed, a special district would have to be formed: the Reedy Creek Improvement District with two cities inside it, Bay Lake and Reedy Creek, now Lake Buena Vista. In addition to the standard powers of an incorporated city, which include the issuance of tax-free bonds, the district would have immunity from any current or future county or state land-use laws. The only areas where the district had to submit to the county and state would be property taxes and elevator inspections.[4] The legislation forming the district and the two cities was signed into law by Florida Governor Claude R. Kirk, Jr. on May 12, 1967.[9] The Supreme Court of Florida then ruled in 1968 that the district was allowed to issue tax-exempt bonds for public projects within the district, despite the sole beneficiary being Walt Disney Productions.
The district soon began construction of drainage canals, and Disney built the first roads and the Magic Kingdom. The Contemporary Resort Hotel and Polynesian Village were also completed in time for the park's opening on October 1, 1971.[10][11] The Palm and Magnolia golf courses near Magic Kingdom had opened a few weeks before, while Fort Wilderness opened one month later. Twenty-four days after the park opened, Roy O. Disney dedicated the property and declared that it would be known as "Walt Disney World" in his brother's honor. In his own words: "Everyone has heard of Ford cars. But have they all heard of Henry Ford, who started it all? Walt Disney World is in memory of the man who started it all, so people will know his name as long as Walt Disney World is here." After the dedication, Roy Disney asked Walt's widow, Lillian, what she thought of Walt Disney World. According to biographer Bob Thomas, she responded, "I think Walt would have approved." Roy Disney died at age 78 on December 20, 1971, less than three months after the property opened.[12]
Admission prices in 1971 were $3.50 for adults, $2.50 for juniors under age 18, and one dollar for children under twelve.[10]
Recent history
Much of Walt Disney's plans for his Progress City were abandoned after his death and after the company board decided that it did not want to be in the business of running a city. The concept evolved into the resort's second theme park, EPCOT Center, which opened in 1982 (renamed EPCOT in 1996). While still emulating Walt Disney's original idea of showcasing new technology, the park is closer to a world's fair than a "community of tomorrow". One of EPCOT's main attractions is their world's showcase which highlights 11 countries across the globe. Some of the urban planning concepts from the original idea of EPCOT would instead be integrated into the community of Celebration much later. The resort's third theme park, Disney-MGM Studios (renamed Disney's Hollywood Studios in 2008), opened in 1989 and is inspired by show business. The resort's fourth theme park, Disney's Animal Kingdom, opened in 1998.
George Kalogridis was named president of the resort in December 2012, replacing Meg Crofton, who had overseen the site since 2006.
On January 21, 2016, the resort's management structure was changed, with general managers within a theme park being in charge of an area or land, instead of on a functional basis as previously. Theme parks have already had a vice-president overseeing them. Disney Springs and Disney Sports were also affected. Now hotel general managers manage a single hotel instead of some managing multiple hotels.[13]
On October 18, 2017, it was announced that resort visitors could bring dogs to Disney's Yacht Club Resort, Disney's Port Orleans Resort – Riverside, Disney's Art of Animation Resort and Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground.[14]
Timeline
Some popular Disney characters (from left to right): Goofy, Donald Duck, Mickey Mouse, and Minnie Mouse can be found throughout the resort
Year Event
1965 Walt Disney announces Florida Project
1966 Walt Disney dies of lung cancer at age 65
1967 Construction of Walt Disney World Resort begins
1971 Magic Kingdom opens
Palm and Magnolia Golf Courses opens
Disney's Contemporary Resort opens
Disney's Polynesian Village Resort opens
Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground opens
Roy O. Disney dies at age 78
1972 Disney's Village Resort opens
1973 The Golf Resort opens
1974 Discovery Island opens
1975 Walt Disney Village Marketplace opens
1976 Disney's River Country opens
1980 Walt Disney World Conference Center opens
1982 EPCOT Center opens
1986 The Golf Resort is expanded and renamed The Disney Inn
1988 Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa opens
Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort opens
1989 Disney-MGM Studios opens
Disney's Typhoon Lagoon opens
Pleasure Island opens
1990 Disney's Yacht and Beach Club resorts open
Walt Disney World Swan opens
Walt Disney World Dolphin opens
1991 Disney's Port Orleans Resort French Quarter opens
Disney Vacation Club is launched
Disney's Old Key West Resort opens
1992 Disney's Port Orleans Resort Riverside (formerly known as Dixie Landings) opens
Bonnet Creek Golf Club opens
1994 Disney's All-Star Sports Resort and Disney's All-Star Music Resort opens
Disney's Wilderness Lodge opens
The Disney Inn is leased and then purchased by the U.S. Department of Defense and is renamed Shades of Green
1995 Disney's Blizzard Beach opens
Disney's Wedding Pavilion opens
Walt Disney World Speedway opens
1996 EPCOT Center is renamed Epcot
Disney Institute opens
Disney's BoardWalk Inn and BoardWalk Villas open
1997 Disney's Coronado Springs Resort opens
Disney's Wide World of Sports Complex opens
Downtown Disney West Side opens
1998 Disney's Animal Kingdom opens
DisneyQuest opens
1999 Disney's All-Star Movies Resort opens
Discovery Island closes
Hurricane Floyd closes the resort for the first time in its history on September 15.[15]
2000 The Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge opens
2001 Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge opens
Disney's River Country closes
On September 11, a series of terrorist attacks closes the resort for the second time due to national safety concerns.[15]
2002 Disney's Beach Club Villas opens
Shades of Green closes for renovations
2003 Disney's Pop Century Resort opens
2004 Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa opens
Shades of Green reopens after renovations
Hurricane Charley causes the resort's theme parks to be evacuated on August 13, with Animal Kingdom remaining closed for a short while afterwards.[15]
Hurricane Frances closes the resort for the third time from September 4 to 5.[15]
Hurricane Jeanne closes the resort for the fourth time on September 26.[15]
2007 Disney's Animal Kingdom Villas opens
2008 Disney-MGM Studios is renamed Disney's Hollywood Studios
2009 Bay Lake Tower at Disney's Contemporary Resort opens
Treehouse Villas opens
2011 Golden Oak at Walt Disney World Resort opens
2012 Disney's Art of Animation Resort opens
Phase 1 of Magic Kingdom's Fantasyland expansion opens
2013 The Villas at Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa opens
2014 Phase 2 of Magic Kingdom's Fantasyland expansion opens
2015 Disney's Polynesian Villas & Bungalows opens
Walt Disney World Speedway closes
Downtown Disney is expanded and renamed Disney Springs
2016 Disney Springs finishes construction
Hurricane Matthew closes the resort for the fifth time on October 7.[15]
2017 Pandora – The World of Avatar opens at Disney's Animal Kingdom
Hurricane Irma closes the resort for the sixth time from September 10 to 11.[16]
Copper Creek Villas & Cabins at Disney's Wilderness Lodge opens
DisneyQuest closes permanently for the NBA Experience
2018 Toy Story Land opens at Disney's Hollywood Studios
2019 Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge opens at Disney's Hollywood Studios
Hurricane Dorian causes the resort's theme parks to be evacuated on September 3.
Future expansion
The resort has a number of expansion projects planned or ongoing, including:
Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance attraction due to open at Disney's Hollywood Studios on December 5, 2019
Disney Riviera Resort, a new Disney resort opening December 2019
Disney Skyliner, a new gondola lift style transportation system due to open on September 29, 2019. Select cabins will feature Disney characters on the exterior and will give guests the ability to travel to Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios and four Disney resorts: Art of Animation, Caribbean Beach, Pop Century, and the new Riviera Resort.[17][18][19]
Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway is replacing The Great Movie Ride, opening at Disney's Hollywood Studios in spring 2020
A Tron Lightcycle Power Run at Magic Kingdom due to open in 2021
Expansion at Epcot including new attractions related to Guardians of the Galaxy: Cosmic Rewind and Ratatouille, and a newly-designed entrance due to open by the end of 2021
Reflections – A Disney Lakeside Lodge, a new Disney resort to be opened in 2022
Flamingo Crossings, a shopping complex similar to Disney Springs, opening date to be announced
Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser, a new Disney resort, opening date to be announced
Location
Map of the resort as of May 2015
One of four arches welcoming guests to the resort
The Florida resort is not within Orlando city limits but is southwest of Downtown Orlando. Much of the resort is in southwestern Orange County, with the remainder in adjacent Osceola County. The property includes the cities of Lake Buena Vista and Bay Lake which are governed by the Reedy Creek Improvement District. The site is accessible from Central Florida's Interstate 4 via Exits 62B (World Drive), 64B (US 192 West), 65B (Osceola Parkway West), 67B (SR 536 West), and 68 (SR 535 North), and Exit 8 on SR 429, the Western Expressway. At its founding, the resort occupied approximately 30,500 acres (48 sq mi; 123 km2). Portions of the property have since been sold or de-annexed, including land now occupied by the Disney-built community of Celebration. Now the resort occupies nearly 25,000 acres (39 sq mi; 101 km2).[2]
Attractions
Further information: List of Walt Disney World Resort attractions
Theme parks
Magic Kingdom, opened October 1, 1971
Epcot, opened October 1, 1982
Disney's Hollywood Studios, opened May 1, 1989
Disney's Animal Kingdom, opened April 22, 1998
Water parks
Disney's Typhoon Lagoon, opened June 1, 1989
Disney's Blizzard Beach, opened April 1, 1995
Other attractions
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, at Disney's Hollywood Studios
The Walt Disney World Railroad
Typhoon Lagoon, one of two waterparks at the resort
View of Disney Springs
Multiple resorts across Disney property offer a variety of spa treatments including Disney's Grand Floridian and Disney's Coronado Springs Resort
Disney's Boardwalk, located outside of their Boardwalk Inn, functions as an entertainment, dining, and shopping district.[20]
Epcot has annual festivals that run for limited amounts of time throughout the year like the Epcot Flower and Garden Festival, Epcot Festival of the Arts, and the Epcot Food and Wine Festival
Disney does special ticketed events throughout the year including the Mickey's Not So Scary Halloween Party, which usually runs late August through October, and Mickey's Very Merry Christmas Party
Disney Springs, opened March 22, 1975 (Previously known as Lake Buena Vista Shopping Village, Disney Village Marketplace, and Downtown Disney)[21]
Disney's Wedding Pavilion, opened July 15, 1995
ESPN Wide World of Sports, opened March 28, 1997
Golf and recreation
Disney's property includes four golf courses. The three 18-hole golf courses are Disney's Palm (4.5 stars), Disney's Magnolia (4 stars), and Disney's Lake Buena Vista (4 stars). There is also a nine-hole walking course (no electric carts allowed) called Oak Trail, designed for young golfers. The Magnolia and Palm courses played home to the PGA Tour's Children's Miracle Network Hospitals Classic. Arnold Palmer Golf Management manages the Disney golf courses.[22]
Additionally, there are two themed miniature golf complexes, each with two courses, Fantasia Gardens and Winter Summerland.[23] The two courses at Fantasia Gardens are Fantasia Garden and Fantasia Fairways. The Garden course is a traditional miniature-style course based on the "Fantasia" movies with musical holes, water fountains and characters. Fantasia Fairways is a traditional golf course on miniature scale having water hazards and sand traps.[24]
The two courses at Winter Summerland are Summer and Winter, both themed around Santa. Summer is the more challenging of the two 18-hole courses.[24]
Former attractions
Discovery Island — an island in Bay Lake that was home to many species of animals and birds. It opened on April 8, 1974, and closed on April 8, 1999.
Disney's River Country — the first water park at the Walt Disney World Resort. It opened on June 20, 1976, and closed on November 2, 2001 due in part to its small size, but also due to the conditions of the water being deemed unacceptable.
Walt Disney World Speedway — a racetrack at Walt Disney World and included the Richard Petty Driving Experience. It opened November 28, 1995, and closed on August 9, 2015.
DisneyQuest — an indoor interactive theme park that featured many arcade games and virtual attractions. It opened June 19, 1998 as part of an unsuccessful attempt to launch a chain of similar theme parks. It closed on July 2, 2017 to be replaced by the NBA Experience.[25]
La Nouba by Cirque du Soleil — opened December 23, 1998, and closed after December 31, 2017.[26]
Resorts
See also: Category:Hotels in Walt Disney World Resort
Of the thirty-four resorts and hotels on the Walt Disney World property, 28 are owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks, Experiences and Consumer Products. These are classified into four categories—Deluxe, Moderate, Value, and Disney Vacation Club Villas—and are located in one of five resort areas: the Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Wide World of Sports, Animal Kingdom, or Disney Springs resort areas.
While all of the Deluxe resort hotels have achieved an AAA Four Diamond rating, Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa is considered the highest-tier flagship luxury resort on the Walt Disney World Resort complex.[27]
On-site Disney resorts
Name Opening date Theme Number of rooms Resort Area
Deluxe resorts
Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge April 16, 2001 African Wildlife preserve 1,307 Animal Kingdom
Disney's Beach Club Resort November 19, 1990 Newport Beach cottage 576 Epcot
Disney's BoardWalk Inn July 1, 1996 Early-20th-century Atlantic and Ocean City 378
Disney's Contemporary Resort October 1, 1971 Modern 655 Magic Kingdom
Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa July 1, 1988 Early-20th-century Florida 867
Disney's Polynesian Village Resort October 1, 1971 South Seas 492
Disney's Wilderness Lodge May 28, 1994 Pacific Northwest, National Park Service rustic 729
Disney's Yacht Club Resort November 5, 1990 Martha's Vineyard Resort 621 Epcot
Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser TBA Star Wars starship TBA
Moderate resorts
Disney's Caribbean Beach Resort October 1, 1988 Caribbean Islands 1,536 Epcot
Disney's Coronado Springs Resort August 1, 1997 Mexico, American Southwest 1,915 Animal Kingdom
Disney's Port Orleans Resort – French Quarter May 17, 1991 New Orleans French Quarter 1,008 Disney Springs
Disney's Port Orleans Resort – Riverside February 2, 1992 Antebellum South 2,048
Value resorts
Disney's All-Star Movies Resort January 15, 1999 Disney films 1,920 Animal Kingdom
Disney's All-Star Music Resort November 22, 1994 Music 1,604
Disney's All-Star Sports Resort April 24, 1994 Sports 1,920
Disney's Art of Animation Resort May 31, 2012 Disney and Pixar animated films 1,984 Wide World of Sports
Disney's Pop Century Resort December 14, 2003 20th Century American pop culture 2,880
Disney Vacation Club
Bay Lake Tower at Disney's Contemporary Resort August 4, 2009 Modern 428 Magic Kingdom
Disney's Animal Kingdom Villas August 15, 2007 African safari lodge 708 Animal Kingdom
Disney's Beach Club Villas July 1, 2002 Newport resort 282 Epcot
Disney's BoardWalk Villas July 1, 1996 Early-20th-century Atlantic City 530
Disney's Old Key West Resort December 20, 1991 Early-20th-century Key West 761 Disney Springs
Disney's Polynesian Villas & Bungalows April 1, 2015 South Seas 380 Magic Kingdom
Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa May 17, 2004 1880s Upstate New York resort 1,320 Disney Springs
The Villas at Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa October 23, 2013 Early-20th-century Florida 147 Magic Kingdom
Boulder Ridge Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge November 15, 2000 Pacific Northwest 181
Copper Creek Villas and Cabins at Disney's Wilderness Lodge July 17, 2017 Pacific Northwest 184
Disney's Riviera Resort December 16, 2019 European Riviera 300 Epcot
Reflections – A Disney Lakeside Lodge 2022 Nature 900 Magic Kingdom[28]
Cabins and campgrounds
Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground November 19, 1971 Rustic Woods Camping 800 campsites
409 cabins Magic Kingdom
Residential areas
Golden Oak at Walt Disney World Resort Fall 2011 Varies 450 homes Magic Kingdom
The Grand Floridian Resort & Spa, Walt Disney World's flagship resort
Disney's Polynesian Resort, a deluxe level resort
Caribbean Beach Resort, the first moderate resort at Walt Disney World
Fort Wilderness, Disney's campground and cabin resort
Disney's All Star Movies Resort, one of five value resorts
On-site non-Disney hotels
Hotel name Opening date Theme Number of rooms Owner Area
Best Western Lake Buena Vista Resort Hotel November 21, 1972 None 325 Drury Hotels Hotel Plaza Boulevard, close to Disney Springs
Doubletree Guest Suite Resort March 15, 1987 229 Hilton Hotels Corporation
Wyndham Lake Buena Vista October 15, 1972 626 Wyndham Hotels & Resorts
Hilton Walt Disney World November 23, 1983 787 Hilton Hotels Corporation
Holiday Inn in the Walt Disney World Resort February 8, 1973 323 InterContinental Hotels Group
B Resort October 1, 1972 394 B Hotels & Resorts
Buena Vista Palace Resort & Spa March 10, 1983 1,014 Hilton Hotels Corporation
Four Seasons Orlando at Walt Disney World Resort August 3, 2014 450 Four Seasons Magic Kingdom
Bonnet Creek Resort Various Various, 3,000 total Hilton Worldwide, Wyndham Worldwide Epcot
Walt Disney World Dolphin June 1, 1990 Seaside Floridian Resort & Under the Sea 1509 Sheraton
Walt Disney World Swan January 13, 1990 Seaside Floridian Resort & Under the Sea 756 Westin
Shades of Green December 1973 Upscale Country Club 586 United States Department of Defense Magic Kingdom
Shades of Green Resort, owned and operated by the United States Military
The Walt Disney World Dolphin
The Walt Disney World Swan
The Hilton at Walt Disney World, located at Hotel Plaza Boulevard
Former resorts
The Golf Resort — Became The Disney Inn, and later became Shades of Green.
Disney's Village Resort — Became the Villas at Disney Institute and then Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa. The "Tree House" Villas were decommissioned for a time because they were not accessible to disabled guests. Until early 2008, they were used for International Program Cast Member housing. In February 2008, Disney submitted plans to the South Florida Water Management District to replace the 60 existing villas with 60 new villas.[29] The Treehouse Villas opened during the summer of 2009.
Celebration – a town designed and built by Disney, now managed by a resident-run association.
Lake Buena Vista – Disney originally intended this area to become a complete community with multiple residences, shopping, and offices, but transformed the original homes into hotel lodging in the 1970s, which were demolished in the early 2000s to build Disney's Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa)
Proposed resorts
Star Wars Hotel – planned to be built on the south side of Disney's Hollywood Studios, just east of World Drive and just outside of the under-construction Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge land theme park planning to open in 2019.[30]
Disney Riviera Resort – Disney's 15th Vacation Club property, the 300-unit resort is slated to open in the fall of 2019, and will be served by the new Disney Skyliner gondola lift system.[31]
Never-built resorts
Disney's Asian Resort
Disney's Persian Resort
Disney's Venetian Resort
Disney's Mediterranean Resort
Fort Wilderness Junction
Disney's Magical Express
Main article: Disney's Magical Express
Guests with a Disney Resort reservation (excluding the Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin) that arrive at Orlando International Airport can be transported to their resort from the airport using the complimentary Disney's Magical Express service, which is operated by Mears Destination Services. Guests can also have their bags picked up and transported to their resort for them through a contract with BAGS Incorporated on participating airlines. Many resorts feature Airline Check-in counters for guests returning to the airport. Here their bags will be checked all the way through to their final destination and they can also have boarding passes printed for them. Some participating airlines are Delta, United, American, JetBlue, Southwest and Alaska Airlines.
Attendance
Magic Kingdom, the world's most visited theme park
In 2014, the resort's four theme parks all ranked in the top 8 on the list of the 25 most visited theme parks in the world; (1st) Magic Kingdom—19,332,000 visitors, (6th) Epcot—11,454,000 visitors, (7th) Disney's Animal Kingdom—10,402,000 visitors, and (8th) Disney's Hollywood Studios—10,312,000 visitors.[32]
Year Magic Kingdom Epcot Disney's Hollywood Studios Disney's Animal Kingdom Overall Ref.
2008 17,063,000 10,935,000 9,608,000 9,540,000 47,146,000 [33]
2009 17,233,000 10,990,000 9,700,000 9,590,000 47,513,000 [34]
2010 16,972,000 10,825,000 9,603,000 9,686,000 47,086,000 [35]
2011 17,142,000 10,826,000 9,699,000 9,783,000 47,450,000 [36]
2012 17,536,000 11,063,000 9,912,000 9,998,000 48,509,000 [37]
2013 18,588,000 11,229,000 10,110,000 10,198,000 50,125,000 [38]
2014 19,332,000 11,454,000 10,312,000 10,402,000 51,500,000 [39]
2015 20,492,000 11,798,000 10,828,000 10,922,000 54,040,000 [40]
2016 20,395,000 11,712,000 10,776,000 10,844,000 53,727,000 [41]
2017 20,450,000 12,200,000 10,722,000 12,500,000 55,872,000 [42]
2018 20,859,000 12,444,000 11,258,000 13,750,000 58,311,000 [43]
Total overall 1,405,407,000
Operations
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Transportation
The Walt Disney World Monorail System provides free transport across the resort.
The Walt Disney World Resort is serviced by Disney Transport, a complimentary mass transportation system allowing guest access across the property. The Walt Disney World Monorail System provides free transportation at Walt Disney World; guests can board the monorail and travel between the Magic Kingdom and Epcot, including select on-property resorts such as The Grand Floridian and The Polynesian Village. The system operates on three routes that interconnect at the Transportation and Ticket Center (TTC), adjacent to the Magic Kingdom's parking lot. Disney Transport owns a fleet of Disney-operated buses on property, that is also complimentary for guests.
Disney Transport also operates a fleet of watercraft, ranging in size from water taxis, up to the ferries that connect the Magic Kingdom to the Transportation and Ticket Center. Disney Transport is also responsible for maintaining the fleet of parking lot trams that are used for shuttling visitors between the various theme park parking lots and their respective main entrances.
A gondola lift system, dubbed Disney Skyliner, is expected to open in late 2019. The system's three lines will connect Disney's Hollywood Studios and Epcot with four resort hotels.[19] One can see many of the posts for the gondolas being put up and the construction on the stations is underway, and in some cases, already finished.[44]
In addition to its free transportation methods, in conjunction with Lyft, Walt Disney World also offers an on-demand transportation service for a fee. The Minnie Van Service are minivans dressed in a Minnie Mouse red-and-white polka dot design that can accommodate up to six people and have two carseats available to anyone that is within the Walt Disney World Resort limits.[45][46]
Walt Disney World previously had its own small airport: the Walt Disney World Airport which was also known as the Lake Buena Vista STOLport. During the early 1970s, scheduled passenger service was operated by Shawnee Airlines with small de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter commuter turboprops which had STOL (short takeoff and landing) capabilities on flights to Tampa and Orlando.[47][48] The airport is no longer in operation.
Employment
When the Magic Kingdom opened in 1971, the site employed about 5,500 "cast members".[49] Today, Walt Disney World employs more than 74,000 cast members,[1] spending more than $1.2 billion on payroll and $474 million on benefits each year. The largest single-site employer in the United States,[50][51] Walt Disney World has more than 3,700 job classifications. The resort also sponsors and operates the Walt Disney World College Program, an internship program that offers American college students (CPs) the opportunity to live about 15 miles (24 km) off-site in four Disney-owned apartment complexes and work at the resort, and thereby provides much of the theme park and resort "front line" cast members. There is also the Walt Disney World International College Program, an internship program that offers international college students (ICPs) from all over the world the same opportunity.
Energy use
Walt Disney World requires an estimated 1 billion kilowatt-hours (3.6 billion megajoules) of electricity annually, costing the company nearly $100 million in annual energy consumption.[52] In addition to relying primarily on fossil fuels and nuclear energy from the state's power grid, Walt Disney World has two solar energy facilities on property; a 22-acre (0.034 sq mi; 0.089 km2) Mickey Mouse-shaped solar panel farm near Epcot, and a 270-acre (0.42 sq mi; 1.1 km2) facility near Disney's Animal Kingdom.[53] The larger facility produces enough solar energy to provide electricity to two of the resort's theme parks. The sites are operated by Duke Energy and the Reedy Creek Improvement District, respectively.[53]
The entire Disney Transport bus fleet uses R50 renewable diesel fuel, obtained from used cooking oil and non-consumable food waste from the resort.[53]
Corporate culture
Walt Disney World's corporate culture uses jargon based on theatrical terminology.[54][55] For example, park visitors are always "guests", employees are called "cast members", rides are "attractions" or "experiences", cast members costumed as famous Disney characters in a way that does not cover their faces are known as "face characters", jobs are "roles", and public and nonpublic areas are respectively labeled "onstage" and "backstage".[54][55]
Security
Disney's security personnel are generally dressed in typical security guard uniforms, though some of the personnel are dressed as tourists in plain clothes. Since September 11, 2001, uniformed security has been stationed outside each Disney park in Florida to search guests' bags as they enter the parks. Starting April 3, 2017, bag checkpoints have been placed at Magic Kingdom's resort monorail entryways and the Transportation and Ticket Center's ferry entry points prior to embarkation as well as the walkway from Disney's Contemporary Resort. Guests arriving the Transportation and Ticket Center by tram or tour bus will be screened at the former tram boarding areas. Guests arriving by Disney Resort hotel bus or Minnie Van™ have their own bag check just outside the bus stops. Guests arriving via Magic Kingdom Resort boat launch will be bag checked on the arrival dock outside Magic Kingdom.[56]
Disney Security Vehicle, picture taken July 2, 2009 in front of Epcot
The land where Walt Disney World resides is part of the Reedy Creek Improvement District (RCID), a governing jurisdiction created in 1967 by the State of Florida at the request of Disney. RCID provides 911 services, fire, environmental protection, building code enforcement, utilities and road maintenance but does not provide law enforcement services. The approximately 800 security staff are instead considered employees of the Walt Disney Company. Arrests and citations are issued by the Florida Highway Patrol along with the Orange County and Osceola County sheriffs deputies who patrol the roads. Disney security does maintain a fleet of security vans equipped with flares, traffic cones, and chalk commonly used by police officers. These security personnel are charged with traffic control by the RCID and may only issue personnel violation notices to Disney and RCID employees, not the general public.[57][58]
Despite the appearance of the uniformed security personnel, they are not considered a legal law enforcement agency. Disney and the Reedy Creek Improvement District were sued for access to Disney Security records by Bob and Kathy Sipkema following the death of their son at the resort in 1994. The court characterized Disney security as a "night watchman" service not a law enforcement agency and was not subject to Florida's open records laws. An appeals court later upheld the lower court's ruling.[59]
In late 2015, Disney confirmed the addition of randomized secondary screenings and dogs trained to detect body-worn explosives within parks, in addition to metal detectors at entrances. It has also increased the number of uniformed security personnel at Walt Disney World and Disneyland properties.[60]
Disney Security personnel in Florida have investigated traffic accidents and issued accident reports. The forms used by Disney Security may be confused with official, government forms by some.[citation needed]
The Orange County Sheriff maintains an office on Disney property, but this is primarily to process guests accused of shoplifting by Disney security personnel.[61]
Although the scattering of ashes on Disney property is illegal, The Wall Street Journal reported in October 2018 that Walt Disney World parks were becoming a popular spot for families to scatter the ashes of loved ones, with the Haunted Mansion at Magic Kingdom being the favorite location. The practice is unlawful and prohibited on Disney property, and anyone spreading cremated remains would be escorted from the park.[62]
Closures
Walt Disney World has had eight unscheduled closures:[63]
September 15, 1999, due to Hurricane Floyd
In 2001, after the September 11 attacks
August 2004, due to Hurricane Charley
September 4-5, 2004, due to Hurricane Frances
September 26, 2004, due to Hurricane Jeanne
October 7, 2016, due to Hurricane Matthew
September 10–11, 2017, due to Hurricane Irma
September 3, 2019, for about half the day (with the exception of Epcot and Disney Springs), due to Hurricane Dorian
Like its sister park, the park may close early to accommodate various special events, such as special press events, tour groups, VIP groups, and private parties. It is common for a corporation to rent the entire park for the evening. In such cases, special passes are issued which are valid for admission to all rides and attractions. At the ticket booths and on published schedules, the guests are notified of the early closures. Then, cast members announce that the park is closing, sometime before the private event starts, and clear the park of guests who do not have the special passes.
See also
List of Disney theme park attractions
List of Disney attractions that were never built
Walt Disney World Company
Walt Disney Travel Company
Walt Disney World Hospitality and Recreation Corporation
Disney College Program
Incidents at Walt Disney World
Rail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
Walt Disney World Casting Center
The Walt Disney World Explorer
Walt Disney World International Program
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